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1.
Sort all numbers in a set from least to greatest, left to right (identify 100% of the
numbers)
2.
Find
the Sum
of all numbers (add all the numbers) and Sample Size (number of numbers)
3.
Find
the Range
and Mean
(Average):
4.
Median
(middle number)
·
Cross off the outer numbers in pairs until there are only one
or two numbers left in the center.
·
If
two numbers remain in the center, the median is the average of the two
5.
The
Mode
is the number that occurs most often.
·
No mode: a
set of data with no repeating numbers
·
One mode:
a set of data with one number which occurs most often
·
Bimodal: a
set of data with two modes
Data Collection and Organization
Before:
Objectives – investigate and answer specific questions
Design Clarity – use graphic organizers
Some common graphic organizers:
· Organized Lists
· T-Charts, Venn-Diagrams, and Tables
(spreadsheets)
· Line Plots, Stem and Leaf Charts, Bar
Graphs, Line Graphs, Circle Graphs, Scatter Plots, and Histograms
Meaningful, Measureable Categories – Always use Titles, Subtitles, Headings, and
Measurement Scales
During:
Consistency – use consistent recording procedures
· Tallies (counting large numbers of
numbers)
· Subtotal Counts (small numbers of
numbers)
After:
Reporting – summarize what the data is telling us
Reporting – summarize what the data is telling us
Data Interpretation (identify clusters or groupings that
indicate tendencies or trends, and outliers)
Clusters
· May indicate clear problems or
successes occurring in a population or with a specific individual
Recurring data
· May indicate clear preferences or
dislikes
Trends
· Might or might not indicate changes
in behavior or performance that can be used to forecast or predict future
behavior or performance
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